Jackson, Thomas Graham 1835 - 1924

Thomas Graham Jackson

Thomas Graham Jackson [also known as T.G. Jackson; and as Sir Thomas Graham Jackson] was born in Hampstead, London, England on 21 December 1835. After studying at Corpus Christ College and Wadham College, Oxford, he was articled to Sir George Gilbert Scott (1811-1878) from 1858.   Having completed his articles, he established his own architectural practice in London in 1862.

Jackson's name is closely associated with the city of Oxford and its university for which he designed numerous buildings. "No other architect has altered the appearance of Oxford so greatly as Jackson" [James Bettley. Sir Thomas Graham Jackson. Dictionary of National Biography].  The commission that established his reputation was the new Examination Schools in Oxford, awarded following a competition in 1876.

Jackson was the author of several books on the history of architecture and the architectural profession including Modern Gothic Architecture (1873); History of Wadham College, Oxford (1893); History of the Church of St. Mary the Virgin, Oxford (1897);  Reason in Architecture (1906); Byzantine and Romanesque Architecture (1912); Gothic Architecture In France, England and Italy (1915); Renaissance of Roman Architecture, Italy (1921); Renaissance of Roman Architecture, England (1922); and Renaissance of Roman Architecture, France (1923)

Jackson received the RIBA Royal Gold Medal for Architecture in 1910. He was elected an Associate of the Royal Academy (ARA) in 1892 and a Royal Academician (RA) in 1896. He was also elected a member of the Art Workers Guild in 1887 and was Master of the AWG in 1920.

He retired from practice in 1922 and died at home at 49 Evelyn Gardens, Kensington, on 7 November 1924.

Worked in
UK
Works

At Oxford: the new Examination Schools; restorations of Bodleian Library, and of St. Mary's and All Saints' Churches; City High School; High School for Girls; Acland Nursing Home: new buildings for Brasenose, Lincoln, Corpus, Trinity, Balliol, and Hertford Colleges; new Radcliffe Library and new Electrical Laboratory, besides other works; At Cambridge: Law Library and Law School; Sedgwick Memorial Museum; Archaeological Museum; Physiological and Psychological Laboratories. Many works of restoration. Including Eltham Palace, Rushton Hall, Great Malvern Priory, Portsmouth Church, Grimsby Church, Bath Abbey, Christchurch Priory, Ashbourne Church, Trinity Church (Coventry), Hospital of St. Cross, and, especially, the salving of Winchester Cathedral. New buildings for the following public schools — Eton, Harrow, Westminster, Rugby, Radley, Uppingham, Giggleswick, Cranbrook, Brighton, Aldenham, and Sandwich. New buildings for Benchers of Inner Temple and the Drapers' Company. New churches at Annesley. Hornblotton, Wimbledon, Stratton, Aldershot, Northington, Curdridge, and Narberth, etc.; and numerous private houses. [Source: Who's Who in Architecture 1923]

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See also archiseek;  and Historic England [links below]

Bibliography

Armstrong, Barrie and Armstrong, Wendy. The Arts and Crafts movement in the North East of England: a handbook. Wetherby, England: Oblong Creative Ltd., 2013

Armstrong, Barrie and Armstrong, Wendy. The Arts and Crafts movement in the North West of England: a handbook. Wetherby, England: Oblong Creative Ltd., 2006

Bettley, James. In search of architecture : the watercolour albums of Thomas Graham Jackson, RA. London: Royal Academy, 2003

Bettley, James. ‘T. G. Jackson and the Examination Schools’. Oxford Art Journal vol. 6, no. 1, 1983 pp.57-66

Blomfield, Reginald. ‘The late Sir Thomas G. Jackson’. RIBA Journal vol. 32 1924–25 pp. 49–50

Crook, John Mordaunt. ‘T. G. Jackson and the cult of eclecticism’ in In search of modern architecture: a tribute to Henry Russell Hitchcock, edited by Helen Searing. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Architectural History Foundation/ The MIT Press, 1982 pp. 102-120

Directory of British Architects 1834-1914. Compiled by Antonia Brodie, et al. Volume 1: A-K. London; New York: British Architectural Library, Royal Institute of British Architects/Continuum, 2001

George, Ernest. 'The Royal Gold Medal, 1910: presentation to Mr. Thomas Graham Jackson'. Royal Institute of British Architects Journal vol. 17, 1909-10 pp. 621-629 [Contains a list of Jackson's work]

Goodhart-Rendel, H. S. ‘The works of Sir Thomas Graham Jackson’, RIBA Journal vol. 33, 1925-26 pp. 468-478

Gray, A. Stuart. Edwardian Architecture: a Biographical Dictionary. London: Gerald Duckworth & Co., Ltd., 1985

Hamilton, Alec. Arts & Crafts Churches. London: Lund Humphries, 2020

Jackson, Nicholas and Bettley, James. Recollections of Sir Thomas Graham Jackson: the life and travels of a Victorian architect. London: Unicorn, 2003.

Jackson, T. G. 'On the true and false ideals in the education of an architect' in Architecture. A Profession or an Art: Thirteen Short Essays on the Qualifications and Training of Architects. Edited by R. Norman Shaw and T. G. Jackson. London: John Murray, 1892 pp. 205-239

Jackson, Thomas Graham and Jackson, Basil H. Recollections of Thomas Graham Jackson: 1835-1924. London: Oxford University Press, 1950

Mallows, C. E. 'The complete work of T. G. Jackson'. Architectural Review vol. 1, 1897 pp. 136-160

Marriott, Charles. Modern English Architecture. London: Chapman & Hall, 1924

‘Obituary’. The Builder vol. 127, 14 November 1924 pp. 748, 753

‘Obituary’. The Builder vol. 127, 12 December 1924 p. 926

‘Obituary’. Royal Institute of British Architects  Journal vol. 32, November 1924 p. 49

‘Obituary’. New International Yearbook 1924 p. 512

‘Presidential address on the presentation of the Royal Gold Medal’ and ‘Reply’. Royal Institute of British Architects  Journal 25 June 1910

Sir Thomas Graham Jackson, bart., R.A., 1835-1924: an exhibition of his Oxford buildings. Oxford: Oxford : Examination Schools. 1983

Thomas, John. ‘Sir Thomas Graham Jackson and the church of Hagia Sophia’. Architectural History vol.25, 1982 pp.98-101

Warren, Edward. 'An Appreciation'. Architectural Review vol. 56, December 1924 p. 245 [An appreciation of T. G. Jackson]

Who's Who in Architecture 1923. Edited by Frederick Chatterton. London: The Architectural Press, 1923

Whyte, William. Oxford Jackson architecture, education, status, and style : 1835-1924. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006

Wight, P. B. 'Jackson's Gothic architecture'. Architectural Record vol. 40, 1916 pp. 282-284 [The author discusses Jackson's book Gothic Architecture in France, England and Italy (1915)]

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